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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. 0. STEAD.

STEAM BOILER.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. C. STEAD.

STEAM BOILER. No. 330,438. Patented Nov. 1'7, 1885.-

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. STEAM BOILER.

No. 330,438; Patented N0v. 17, 1885.

fzwm 01 ml nwsw UNITED STATES PATENT JAMES C. STEAD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent. No. 330,438, dated November 17, 1885.

Application filed August 6, 1885. Serial No. 173,702. (No model.) i

-5 useful Improvement in Steam Boilers or Generators, of which the following is a specification.

I will describe a steam boiler or generator embodying my improvement, and then point out the various features in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a steam boiler or generator embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 isa'horizontal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section thereof. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section of certain parts,drawn on a larger scale; and Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section of a steam boiler.

or generator embodying my improvement in a slightly modified form.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

E designates a series of straight pipes extending longitudinally of the boiler-space at an upward incline from near the rear thereof to near the front of the same, in such manner that the higher elevation will be above the grate C. These pipes are connected at their ends to headers H H by suitable connections. The headers may be cast, and are shown of sinuous form, so that the pipes may be staggered. Each of the headers H may be connected separately by a thimble with separators Gr below the water-line thereof, or they may be connected therewith by a common header. Each of the headers H is connected by a pipe, 71, with a common header, h, which latter is in turn connected with a separator or separators, G, near the rear ends thereof,below the waterline. Said headers h may, however, be omitted and the pipes h be connected directly to the separator. The headers H H are provided with hand-holes g, by which the pipes E may be reached to be cleaned or repaired.

In the example of my improvement illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, Adesignatesamuddrum. It constitutes abridge-wall at the back of a grate, O. This drum is shown as cylindrical and arranged horizontally but it may be conical, if desired, or arranged upon an incline, so that steam will ascend to one end In this example of my improvement water is supplied to the drum A by a pipe, a, communicating at one end therewith, and at the other end with another mud-drum,D, arranged to rearward of the drum A, and below the same. I may use two or more of the pipes a, if desirable. Connected to the drum D by a suitable connection is a pipe, I), which passes upwardly at the rear of the pipes E. A valve, 0, in the pipe 12 controls the passage of water from the drum D to said pipe. This valve is arranged to open in such manner that water may flow freely from the drum D through said pipe I), but will close automatically to prevent a return of water from thepipe into the drum. Water is supplied to the boiler or generator through a supply-pipe, (1, having aconnection with the pipe 1) beyond the Valve 0, or at a point in said pipe farther from the drum D than saidvalve is. Consequently water being fed will not pass into the drum D, but upwardly through the pipe I).

F F F designate coils of pipes. Each of said coils has a connection with the pipe I), and consists of a series of pipes, 6, arranged transversely to the length of the pipes E, and connected together by return bends. The coils are arranged one above the other, and extend toward the forward end of the boiler at an upward incline. The coil F is arranged below the pipes E, the coil F between certain of said pipes and the coil F above the same.

Each of said coils is connected by pipes f with one of the separators G. The pipes f open into the steam-space of said separator, near the forward end thereof. Said coils are shown as supported by the side walls of the boiler-space, in which are arranged recesses receiving the return-bends connecting the pipes 6; but the same may be supported in any other convenient manner-as,for instance, upon the pipes E. Water supplied to the pipe 1) passes from thence to the coils F, 850., and,

circulating through them, is partly converted into steam, which steam and water are then delivered into the separator G, with which they connect. I have only shown three of the coils F, 850.; but I may use a greater number,

if desirable, or I may use only one. When more than one separator G is used, they will .be connected together by the usual steamdrum.

I designates a coil of pipe situated close to .the brick wall at the back of the boiler-space.

be supported by the brick-work or in any other suitable manner. ,It serves to protect the brick-work.

J designates a pipe, connected at one end with the mud-drum A and at the other with the steam-space in one of the separators G; From the drum said pipe extends forward along the side wall of the boilerspace to near the front of the same, and then upwardly to the separator G. I will preferably employ two of these pipes J, one upon each side. These pipes convey steam from the drum A to the separator or separators, and relieve pressure in the drum. The portions of the coil F forward of the drum A are preferably supported upon the pipes J.

K designates a coil of pipe arranged close to the brick-work at the side of the furnace. It consists of pipes connected together by return-bends extending upwardly at reverse in clines. One of said pipes is connected with the drum A, and another thereofextends upwardly and is connected with the steam-space of one of the separators G; I preferably arrange one of the coils K upon each side of the furnace. Said'coils may be supported by the brick-worlgor by iron plates extending therefrom, or in any other suitable manner. These coils protectthebrick-work at the sides of the furnace. Diaphragms or partitions L, extending transversely of the pipes E, and between pipes of the coils F, 850., cause the products 1 of combustion to pursue a sinuous course nected with them.

through said pipes, which aids in utilizing the heat thereof. The separators G are. shown as supported by straps j, extending from trusses k, but the same may be obviously otherwise supported. I may use a single separator, if desirable. Partitions G may be advantageously arranged in the separators G just in rear of the point'where the pipes E are con- (See particularly Fig. 4.) These partitions extend from the bottom portion of the separators to a point above the water-line and divide the front end portions of the separators from the main portions thereof. Steam issuing from the pipes E passes into the spaces between the partitions G and the fronts of the separators, and thence over the partitions. The pipes E are therefore,

in effect, connected with the steam-space.

850., and issues, in the form of mixed water and steam, into the separator or separators G. From the separators the water is returned by means of the pipes h to the headers H. Gertainv portions of the waterthus returned to the headers, with any steam which may have been generated from it, pass upwardly through I the pipes E, and are thence returned to the separator or separators G. Such of thewater as is not thus returned through the pipes E passes downwardly intothe drum D, and from thence passes, a portion through the pipe band coils F, &c., together with such steam, back to the separator with which they are connected, a portion'to the drum A, and thence, in the form of water and steam, through the pipes J and coils K, to the separator or separators, and another portion back by way of the coil'I to the separator with which it is connected. It will therefore be seen that the circulation throughout the entire system is perfectly equalized, and that the'water circulating in the system is so subjected to the products of combustion as to almost wholly utilize the latter in the production of steam.

O designates a water-arch arranged about the door of the furnace. It consists,essentiall y,

of hollow cast-iron boxes 0,arranged one above and one beneath the door in the brickwork surrounding the same. These boxes are connected together near each end by a series of pipes, s. A pipe, T, connects-the lower of the boxes 0 with the water-space in one of the separators G, and a pipe, 'I, connects the upper of said boxes with the steam-space in the separator. WVater from the separator cir culates freely through this water-arch.

The example of my improvement illustrated in Fig. 5 is similar to that shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, except that the valve 0 is arranged at the drum A. This valve forms a connection betweenthe pipe (1 and the pipe b, which, in this example of my'improvement connects with the coil F only, connection being made with the pipe 6 of said coil which is farthest to the rear. The pipe at is also connected with the drum A by a pipe, a The supplypipe 01 is connected with the pipe 1) forward of the valve 0.

In this example of my improvement the coil F is omitted, and the coil F, instead of being connected directly with the separator, is by means of a pipe, M, connected with the coil F. The pipe M extends from the pipe 43 of the coil F which is nearest thefront of the boiler to the pipe 6 of the coil F which is nearest the back of the boiler. It therefore The pipe 6 of the coil F which is nearest the front of the boiler is connected by a pipe, f, with the steam-space of a separator, G

It will be observed that in this example of my improvement the coil F is arranged wholly forward of the drum A. Water entering the pipe 12 from the supply pipe (1 circulates through the coil F, pipe M, and coil F, and

enters the separator G in the form of mixed steam and water. From the separator the water is returned to the headers H and divides, a portion passing upwardly through the pipes E, another portion to the drum D, thence to coil I anddrum A, and thence, further dividing, to coils F F, coils K,and pipes J.

By arranging the coils F, 850., crosswise of the pipes E a net-work of pipes, as it were, is formed, through which the products of combustion, in passing, are effectually broken or divided up, and the heat thereof is imparted to thepipes to an unusual and highly economical extent.

That I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a steam boiler or generator, the combination, with longitudinally-extending circulating-pipes having an upward inclination from one part of the boiler toward an opposite part, of a coil of other circulating-pipes arranged at approximate right angles thereto and extending crosswise of the same, substantially as specified.

2. In a steam boiler or generator, the combination, with longitudinally-inclined oirculating-pipes, of a separator or separators with which said pipes are connected at both ends, a mud-drum also connected with said pipes, and coils of circulating-pipes arranged at approximate right angles to the pipes first named and crosswise of the same, said coils being connected with the mud-drum and the separator, substantially as specified.

3. In a steam boiler or generator, the combination, with longitudinally-inclined circulating-pipes, of two or more coils of other circulating-pipes arranged at approximate right angles thereto and extending crosswise of the same, and a common pipe from which each of said coils is supplied.

4. In a steam boiler or generator, the combination, with longitudinally-inclined circulating-pipes, of a separator or separatorswith which said pipes are connected at both ends, a mud-drum also connected with said pipes, a coil of circulating-pipes arranged at approximate right angles to the pipes first named and extending crosswise of the same, a feed-water pipe connect-ed with said coils, a connection between said feed-water pipe and the muddrum, and a valve in said con nection for preventing feed-water from entering the mud-drum, substantially as specified.

5. I11 a steam boiler or generator, the combination, with longitudinally-inclined circulating-pipes, of two or more coils of other circulating-pipes arranged at approximate right angles thereto and extending crosswise of the same, a separator, and a pipe connecting each of said coils with the steam-space in said separator, substantially as specified.

6. In a steam-boilenthe combination, with circulating-pipes, of a separator arranged approximately parallel with said circulatingpipes, a partition arranged in one end of said separator higher than the water-level in the main portion of the separator, dividing from such main portion a compartment into which steam from the circulating-pipes is discharged, and an apron above said partition extending downwardly at an incline, by which steam entering the separator from the circulatingpipes is deflected toward the opposite end of the boiler, substantially as specified.

7 In a steam boiler or generator, the combination of the pipes E, the coils of circulatingpipes F F F, the separator or separators G, the drums A D, the coil 1, the coils K, and the pipes J, substantially as specified.

JAMES (3. STEAD.

Witnesses:

J AMES S. GREVES, \VM. G. LIPsEY. 

